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Transylvanian Regional Identity after 1989: Political Reflection
Kocián, Jiří ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Rosůlek, Přemysl (referee) ; Stojarová, Věra (referee)
KOCIÁN, Jiří. Transylvanian regional identity and its political reflection after 1989. The thesis deals with the question of reviving Transylvanian regional identity and its political use in Romania after 1989. It demonstrates that regional identity has gradually grown in political importance, and represents the content, actors and typology of models of its reflection. The Romanian Communist regime under Nicolae Ceaușescu followed longer-term centralizing tendencies that did not favor maintaining regional specificities. But regional identity, like other collective identities, is the result of a continuous process of daily interactions between its bearers and external actors, all of whom are involved in its construction. Because of that, it survived a period of suppression in its vernacular form. Contributing to its survival was the fact that the multi-ethnic region of Transylvania and its specificities, which represent the core of regional identity, have a thousand-year history. The thesis points, by applying a discourse analysis of the content of newspaper articles, to the fact that regional identity took the form of political discourse after 1989. This discourse rivaled the previous discursive hegemony of the country's centralist concept of state and nation in Romanian public sphere. At the same...
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Transition to Democracy in Czechoslovakia in 1989 from a Transition Theory Perspective
Mandíková, Darina ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis "Transition to Democracy in Czechoslovakia in 1989 from a Transition Theory Perspective" is an analysis of the Czechoslovak transition to democracy in the year 1989. The author analyses the character of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia and the further development of the country after the year 1989 dealing with some of the more general politological aspects such as the strategies of the participants, analyses of the most important agents and factors of the change, etc. Therefore, various politological theories are introduced in the theoretical part (theory of non-democratic regimes, theory of transition, used theories by Juan J. Linz, Carl J. Friedrich, Alfred Stepan, Samuel Huntington and of other relevant authors). The theories are later applied to the Czechoslovak communist regime and to its transition to democracy. The diploma thesis focuses on the application of the theories of transition on Czechoslovakia with regards to the number of transitions. The work aims at explaining that more transitions took place in Czechoslovakia - not only the political one, but also the economic and nationalist, the latter leading to the Czechoslovakian split. Therefore, the last part of the diploma thesis deals with the development of the Czech-Slovak relationship; the link between the...
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The Transition Towards Democracy and its Problematic Aspects in Geo-Politic Perspektive
Hozáková, Michala ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
Diploma thesis "The Transition Towards Democracy and its Problematic Aspects in Geo-Politic Perspective " deals with the theory of democracy, the transition towards democracy and the political development in specific regions. The aim of this thesis is to summarize both general thoeretical concepts about the topic and current studies about illiberal democracies in the 21st century. My thesis starts with the analysis of the meaning of the term liberal democracy as well as the term modern nation state, whereas the emphasis is given on the conditions to be found beyond both. This is followed by the introduction to main transition concepts. Within the logic of my topic it is stressed especially the nature of removed political regime which could be crucial for the outcome of the transition. My diploma thesis deals also with an institutional engineering which is often overlooked but of high importance. The question of hybrid regimes is closely linked to previous topic because it can help us to undestand all problematic aspects of transition. Last chapter is dedicated to specific African regimes which are usually hidden in a shadow of interest of politican science. I will argue that the very analysis of their nature can prove the importance of functional political institutions as a base for succesfull...
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Transylvanian Regional Identity after 1989: Political Reflection
Kocián, Jiří ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Maslowski, Nicolas (referee) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
The thesis presents an analysis of the discourse of Transylvanian regional identity in Romanian newspaper from 1989 to 2014, opposing the hegemonic political and societal discourse promoting nationalism. In doing so, it emphasized inter-ethnic tolerance as a key principle that distinguished regional discourse from its centralist counterpart. The fact that the most important historical peoples of Transylvania were understood by the regional discourse as carriers of regional identity in the spheres of daily and political life not only confirmed the trans-ethnic inclusiveness of this construct, but also became its diversification factor. In addition to tolerance and acceptance of multiethnicity, regional discourse in the examined media relied predominantly on ideas of the region's essential democratic character, its cultural, social or economic specificities, as well as considerations of possible autonomy. These narratives, whether abstract or more pragmatic, represented the content of a discoursively constructed regional identity, conveyed its sharing by different ethnic groups, and defined Transylvania in the context of an era within Romania as a whole. The internal thematic composition of Transylvanian regional identity discourse was not entirely constant during the period under review, its shape...
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Transylvanian Regional Identity after 1989: Political Reflection
Kocián, Jiří ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Rosůlek, Přemysl (referee) ; Stojarová, Věra (referee)
KOCIÁN, Jiří. Transylvanian regional identity and its political reflection after 1989. The thesis deals with the question of reviving Transylvanian regional identity and its political use in Romania after 1989. It demonstrates that regional identity has gradually grown in political importance, and represents the content, actors and typology of models of its reflection. The Romanian Communist regime under Nicolae Ceaușescu followed longer-term centralizing tendencies that did not favor maintaining regional specificities. But regional identity, like other collective identities, is the result of a continuous process of daily interactions between its bearers and external actors, all of whom are involved in its construction. Because of that, it survived a period of suppression in its vernacular form. Contributing to its survival was the fact that the multi-ethnic region of Transylvania and its specificities, which represent the core of regional identity, have a thousand-year history. The thesis points, by applying a discourse analysis of the content of newspaper articles, to the fact that regional identity took the form of political discourse after 1989. This discourse rivaled the previous discursive hegemony of the country's centralist concept of state and nation in Romanian public sphere. At the same...
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Single-Party Regimes in Comparison: China, Malaysia and Singapore
Klapal, Petr ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
Diploma thesis Single-Party Regimes in Comparison: China, Malaysia and Singapore is devoted to non-democratic regimes in which one party dominates and which legitimize by the concept of Asian values. The first part deals with the most important typologies and to approaches to explore single-party regimes. The second part introduced changes and the very concept of Asian values according to which democracy is unsuitable for Asian countries because of cultural differences. Other parts are devoted to describe the regimes in China, Malaysia and Singapore, which are classified into different typologies. The aim of the work is to show that Asian values don't explain the genesis of these regimes or their forms of non- democratic governance.
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Socio-political Cleavages and Democracy in Subsaharan Africa
Kváča, Vladimír ; Janoušková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Hulec, Otakar (referee) ; Lacina, Karel (referee) ; Fiala, Vlastimil (referee)
Doktorská práce si klade za širší úkol prozkoumat jednu z rovin kulturního střetu mezi tradiční africkou kulturou a západní kulturou a jejími globalizačními vlivy, které se v subsaharské Africe začaly projevovat s nástupem kolonialismu, a jejichž intenzita dále akcelerovala v postkoloniálním období. Pozornost je věnována kulturnímu subsystému, který představuje regulační funkce společnosti, konkrétně politice, která je však úzce, a místy neoddělitelně, spojena s ekonomikou. Toto velmi široké téma je dále zúženo tím, že předmětem zájmu, a současně hlavním cílem je zkoumání možností demokratického řešení konfliktů plynoucích ze současných sociopolitických rozporů v subsaharské Africe, tedy především, zda jsou myšlenky demokracie v Africe uskutečnitelné, a pokud ano, tak za jakých podmínek.
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